规划:
三台物理服务器就形成了(法定人数)。对于高可用性集群,您可以使用高于3的任何奇数。例如,如果设置5台服务器,则集群可以处理两个故障节点等。
物理服务器需要开启的端口 2888 , 3888 和 2181 上有入站连接。如果启用了 IPtables 或 Firewall,请确保启用指定的端口,因为zookeeper 需要通过这些端口进行通信。
OS:Centos 7.4 x64
Zookeeper-3.4.10
在本教程中,我们将在以下3台服务器部署zookeeper分布式群集:
10.10.204.63
10.10.204.64
10.10.204.65
先决条件:
在安装 Zookeeper 之前,你应该在系统中安装并配置好 JDK(Oracle Java8),这将与Zookeeper配合使用。
《Linux JAVA JDK JRE 环境变量安装与配置》
步骤1: 在各个实例上安装Zookeeper。
下载Zookeeper # cd /tmp # wget //apache.fayea.com/zookeeper/stable/zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz 解压它 # tar zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz 移动 Zookeeper 到 /usr/local/ 下 # mv zookeeper-3.4.10 /usr/local/ 创建软连接 # ln -s /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10 /usr/local/zookeeper 拷贝配置文件 # cp /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo_sample.cfg /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg 创建数据及日志存放目录 # mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/data # mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/logs 新建用户 # groupadd zookeeper # useradd -g zookeeper -s /sbin/nologin zookeeper 赋予Zookeeper目录权限 # chown -R zookeeper:zookeeper /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10 /usr/local/zookeeper # chmod +755 /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10
步骤2:修改配置文件。
# vim /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg
默认值:
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# //zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to “0” to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1修改为:
#服务器之间或客户端与服务器之间维持心跳的时间间隔,每隔tickTime时间就会发送一个心跳。
tickTime=2000
#这个配置项是用来配置Zookeeper接受客户端(这里所说的客户端不是用户连接Zookeeper 服务器的客户端,而是Zookeeper服务器集群中连接到Leader的Follower 服务器)初始化连接时最长 能忍受多少个心跳时间间隔数。当已经超过 10 个心跳的时间(也就是 tickTime)长度后 Zookeeper 服务器还没有收到客户端的返回信息,那么表明这个客户端连接失败。总的时间长度就是 10*2000=20 秒。
initLimit=10
#这个配置项标识Leader与Follower之间发送消息,请求和应答时间长度,最长不能超过多少个tickTime的时间长度,总的时间长度就是5*2000=10秒(适用于3.4以上版本)。
syncLimit=5
#这个参数和上面的参数搭配使用,这个参数指定了需要保留的文件数目。默认是保留3个。
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
#这个参数指定了清理频率,单位是小时,需要填写一个1或更大的整数,默认是0,表示不开启自己清理功能(适用于3.4以上版本)。
autopurge.purgeInterval=1
maxClientCnxns=60
#修改数据目录(可以是任意目录)。
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/data
#新增日志目录(可以是任意目录)。
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/logs
#Zookeeper服务器监听的端口,以接受客户端的访问请求。
clientPort=2181
#新增以下内容。
server.1=10.10.204.63:2888:3888
server.2=10.10.204.64:2888:3888
server.3=10.10.204.65:2888:3888
步骤3:分别在各个Zookeeper实例中创建myid文件。
# echo "1" >> /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid # echo "2" >> /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid # echo "3" >> /usr/local/zookeeper/data/myid
步骤4:添加系统变量。
编辑:/etc/profile 文件,添加以下内容:
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper/ export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH执行以下命令使其系统变量永久生效:
# source /etc/profile
步骤5:创建系统单元文件。
在 /usr/lib/systemd/system 目录下创建 zookeeper.service ,并填写如下内容:
[Unit] Description=zookeeper.service After=network.target [Service] Type=forking Environment=ZOO_LOG_DIR=/usr/local/zookeeper/ ExecStart=/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start ExecStop=/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh stop ExecReload=/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh restart Restart=always User=zookeeper Group=zookeeper [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
步骤6:启动Zookeeper。
重新加载配置信息:systemctl daemon-reload
启动zookeeper服务:systemctl start zookeeper.service
关闭zookeeper服务:systemctl stop zookeeper.service
查看进程状态及日志:systemctl status zookeeper.service
开机自启动:systemctl enable zookeeper.service
关闭自启动:systemctl disable zookeeper.service
步骤7:放行 2888、3888、2181 端口。
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=2888/tcp # firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3888/tcp # firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=2181/tcp重载防火墙:
# firewall-cmd --reload
步骤8:查看Zookeeper状态
分别检测3台服务器的运行状态是否正常。
查看 10.10.204.63 节点;
[root@10-10-204-63 ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: leader查看 10.10.204.64 节点;
[root@10-10-204-64 ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: follower查看 10.10.204.65 节点;
[root@10-10-204-65 ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: follower服务器中ZooKeeper分别扮演者不同的角色,1台将处于 leader(领导)地位,另外2台将处于 follower (追随者)。如果您获得相同的结果,那么你已经正确地安装配置好了ZooKeeper集群服务器。
步骤9:在3台物理服务器中的任意一台使用客户端连接。
客户端连接信息如下所示:
[root@10-10-204-63 ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkCli.sh -server 10.10.204.64:2181 Connecting to 10.10.204.64:2181 2017-08-13 20:30:11,816 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.10-39d3a4f269333c922ed3db283be479f9deacaa0f, built on 03/23/2017 10:13 GMT 2017-08-13 20:30:11,863 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=103-28-204-63.10.10.204.63 2017-08-13 20:30:11,863 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_144 2017-08-13 20:30:11,875 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation 2017-08-13 20:30:11,883 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_144/jre 2017-08-13 20:30:11,883 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../build/classes:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.10.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf:.:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_144/jre/lib/rt.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_144/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_144/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_144/jre/lib 2017-08-13 20:30:11,884 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib 2017-08-13 20:30:11,884 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp 2017-08-13 20:30:11,884 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler= 2017-08-13 20:30:11,884 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux 2017-08-13 20:30:11,884 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64 2017-08-13 20:30:11,885 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=3.10.0-514.21.2.el7.x86_64 2017-08-13 20:30:11,885 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root 2017-08-13 20:30:11,885 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root 2017-08-13 20:30:11,885 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/root 2017-08-13 20:30:11,893 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=10.10.204.64:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@69d0a921 Welcome to ZooKeeper! 2017-08-13 20:30:12,103 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(10.10.204.64:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1032] - Opening socket connection to server 10.10.204.64/10.10.204.64:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error) JLine support is enabled 2017-08-13 20:30:12,768 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(10.10.204.64:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@876] - Socket connection established to 10.10.204.64/10.10.204.64:2181, initiating session 2017-08-13 20:30:12,935 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(10.10.204.64:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1299] - Session establishment complete on server 10.10.204.64/10.10.204.64:2181, sessionid = 0x15dda7deb6c0000, negotiated timeout = 30000 WATCHER:: WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null [zk: 10.10.204.64:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create /renwoledb 'renwole' #创建数据节点 Created /renwoledb [zk: 10.10.204.64:2181(CONNECTED) 3] get /renwoledb #调出节点数据 renwole cZxid = 0x500000002 ctime = Sun Aug 13 21:19:24 CST 2017 mZxid = 0x500000002 mtime = Sun Aug 13 21:19:24 CST 2017 pZxid = 0x500000002 cversion = 0 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x0 dataLength = 7 numChildren = 0
整个zookeeper集群到此已经搭建并测试完成。如果 leader 节点出现故障,其他 follower (追随者)会投票选择新的 leader ,所以这就是我们想要的 Zookeeper 分布式集群。
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